Juvenile Mental Health

Modern people, especially teenagers, are facing unprecedented challenges in this fast paced society. In China, more and more juveniles are becoming so concerned about their future career path that an increasing percentage of these young people gradually suffer mental diseases such as anxiety and depression.

As one of the biggest countries in the world, China has a population of over 1.4 billion and this number seems to be increasing year by year according to official databases. Large numbers of young children are educated ever since they were born to catch up with or outcompete their peers, rendering many of them, mostly starting from the age of 6 or even younger, having to bear far more academic responsibilities to fulfil their so-called dreams than the majority of other counterparts in this world. Initially, things may not seem so serious to them as they were still young and not too much engaged in the society. Yet, as the intervention of social media and other technological inventions becomes available, young students are clearer than ever about their current and future conditions as they step into their teenage life. Unfortunately, many of the young teenagers arrive at the conclusion that they should stay simple and normal without the need to work hard to strive towards unrealistic goals since they realize that talents are almost everywhere and they are not so needed as expected in this society while their parents still push them on the way to become outstanding members of the society. As a consequence, many young people feel stressed and nervous on a regular basis, causing themselves to be finally harassed by anxiety, which has become one of the most common phenomenons in modern societies of China in the present day.

What is worse is that with the advent of the one of the most serious pandemics, namely the coronavirus disease which broke out in the late 2019, young teenagers are facing yet another serious challenge that they cannot avoid by their own will. The truth is with the viruses spreading and evolving over time, they have posed a threat to young students’ physical fitness significantly by increasing the possibility of getting them sick much more easily than before, which potentially weakens the immune system as a whole to this new generation. Many adults have become mildly handicapped due to this pandemic, not to mention that teenagers have to strive hard to balance between keeping fit and studying hard. This unexpected situation has led many ambitious young teenagers to gradually lose their hope to become great as they have planned before since they simply do not have the power to bear too much responsibility and be so energetic to engage in complicated work or tasks as freely as ever. In China, the rising percentage of young people getting depressed has become so prevalent that the government is still on its way to figure out how to deal with the social challenge.

Ziluo Cheng

Selenium’s Gift to Hometown Health​

Selenium’s Gift to Hometown Health​

QIZHE WEN

My hometown Enshi in Hubei holds the globe’s only verified independent selenium deposit—local rocks have up to 66.66mg/kg of this mineral, 11 times higher than comparable formations.

A nationwide survey shows 53% of Chinese students have myopia, but Enshi’s juvenile rate is far lower. Selenium shields lens proteins from oxidation, boosts ocular microcirculation, and slows eye axis growth. Enshi’s cancer incidence is merely 0.00468%, well below the national average.

“This is a blessing from selenium-rich earth,” my mother says proudly.​

 

我的家乡在湖北省恩施土家族苗族自治州,拥有全球唯一探明的独立硒矿床。家乡的岩石硒含量最高达66.66mg/kg,是同类岩石的 11 倍。

恩施州的调研数据显示:全国中小学生近视率高达53%,恩施州的中小学近视率远低于这个数字。因为硒能保护晶状体蛋白质不被氧化,还能改善眼部微循环,减缓眼轴增长。家乡癌症发病率仅4.68/10万,远低于全国平均水平。

妈妈说这是“硒土养出来的福气”。

Moonlight

I love the way the moonlight flickers through my room,

Choosing a few selected items to shine at in the gloom,

Choosing lots of people to comfort in the night,

Keeping them from their nightmares,

Keeping them from their fright.

 

The moonlight is another comfort sent from God above,

To fill us with His comfort, His mercy, and His love.

He knows who the moonlight is comforting tonight,

Someone who needs it to keep him from feeling airtight.

 

That’s the way God shows He’s there,

Through His wondrous and endless works,

As well as all His little quirks.

Student: Alen Jose Thomas

 

The Men Who Create God

Every autumn, West Bengal and the states in its neighbourhood wear an air of community celebration and pageantry. Devotees welcome Goddess Durga who is believed to leave her home in the Himalayas to spend a few days in her parents’ home in the plains of Bengal. Though the festivities span over five days, preparations for the Puja commence months in advance. If one has to understand the kind of back-breaking labour that goes into preparing for the festival, some of the best people to ask would be the clay modelers (Pals) from Kumartuli, North Kolkata who tirelessly produce some of the finest samples of idol making, year after year.

 

 

This autumn, I tried to understand the life and work of one such artisan, Ajoy Pal, who had been hired by 12 Puja committees of my hometown, Jamshedpur. Pal has been assisting his father since he was 13. Now aged 45, he dropped out of school in Class 8 and has been making the annual autumnal trip to Jamshedpur ever since. Shy and initially reluctant to interact, he starts conversing by first explaining to me the arduous process of idol making in the traditional Kumartuli style. First, bamboo sticks are used to make the skeletal structure of the idol, followed by giving shape to the idol using jute ropes and straw. In the second stage, a clay solution with an adequately high percentage of water is used to fill the crevices of the straw structure. Palms, head and feet of the idol are separately moulded by the highest graded Pal, Ajoy being one of them. After these parts are fixed to the main figurine, another layer of clay (this time very fine and without any impurities) is applied with a soft cloth to prevent cracks in the idol once it dries. The image is then painted, either with oil paints or water colours, depending on the humidity. The main artist then paints the eyes and sticks the jute hair. The idol is dressed and ornamented, and made ready to be taken to respective pandals for worship. All these preparations generally begin in March-April each year.

 

 

I enquire about where he sources the materials from. Ajoy says,“ The fundamental rule to be followed is that all the core materials should come from the river.. the sandy soil, clay, etc. However, this ritual is hard to follow at all times. The jewellery and sarees are sourced from Shovabazar, while the bamboo, jute and straw come from our traditional supplier in Purulia.” Pal explains another crucial aspect of arranging the raw materials. “Dust from beneath the feet of a prostitute is mixed with the clay used for making the idol. People differ as to why this tradition is followed. But I believe it signifies the fact that even those who are despised from society and live along its fringes are invited for the festivities.”

 

 

Though clay-modellers from Kumartuli belong to the purist school of idol-making but artisans have bent rules to cater to particular needs of Puja committees. Given an option, Ajoy still prefers the traditional fashion wherein the Goddess is placed on a single platform with her children, but Puja associations coax medellers to flirt with traditions and create idols on separate platforms for ease of transportation. For the first time in 2001, Ajoy’s group made an idol that could be dismantled. This was done for a client in New Jersey. In fact, these days idols are decorated from a whole plethora of materials- chalk pieces, buttons, coins, matchsticks etc.

 

 

So would Ajoy like his children to tread on his footsteps. “No”, comes the quick reply. “I’m nobody to stop them from taking up the traditional family craft, but if I could influence their career choices, I’d dissuade them from following me.” He explains that the conditions of idol-modellers all across the country is rather unenviable. Unlike in earlier times when artists were patronized by kings, famous families, businessmen etc., conditions today are not conducive for a artisan to earn comfortably by depending on his craft. Puja committees haggle incessantly and pay them paltry sums (sometimes just Rs.10000 for a single set of Durga and her children), there is space constraint and material costs are rising. He gives me a sample, “100 quintals of riverbed clay cost around Rs. 750-800 just two years back, but stands at Rs. 1500 this year, chiefly due to reclamation of riverbed land for real estate development along the Hoogly. Are we being compensated by puja committees for bearing these insanely high costs? Is the government subsidizing our expenses? How do I ask my children to follow in my footsteps?”

 

 

With a week for the Pujas to commence, I ask Pal where he sees himself 10 days down the line. Thoughtfully he responds, “My karma is to enable the community to have five days of unadulterated joy by gifting them a part of my craft. By since you’ve asked…perhaps scouting for employment-as an electrician, plumber, locksmith- to support my family and myself for the rest of the year.” (I met Ajoy Pal on the 10th of October this year.)

 

This article is a tribute to the craftsmen of Kumartuli- the men who create God.

Student: Sourovi De