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I Analysed Thousands of Australian Tech Job Ads – Here’s What I Learned About the Future of Work

In 2019, most Australian IT graduates walked into broad “technology graduate programs” where employers expected a solid foundation in coding and a willingness to learn on the job. Fast forward to 2025, and the landscape looks dramatically different. As part of a research project, I analysed two large datasets of graduate and entry-level job ads spanning this period. What I found reflects a seismic shift in what it means to be “job-ready” in the tech industry, and it has serious implications for students, universities, and anyone preparing for a career in the field of technology.

One of the biggest findings was the reduction of generalist IT roles. In 2019, broad programs labelled simply as “IT Graduate” dominated the graduate market. But by 2025, these positions had largely disappeared, replaced by sharply defined roles in software engineering, data, AI, and research. The most striking growth came from AI. What barely existed six years ago now accounts for almost one-fifth of all graduate tech roles. Employers are no longer looking for “general tech talent”, they want domain-specific expertise from day one.

This shift is mirrored in the technical skills demanded. Legacy tools such as VBA, SAS, and SPSS, once staples of early-career analytics roles, have all been eliminated from the 2025 listings. In their place, the new digital toolkit centres on cloud infrastructure (AWS, Docker), TypeScript, machine learning frameworks, and even specialised AI skills like deep learning, NLP, and large language models. This means that across all domains, the technical bar has risen. Employers expect fluency in modern tech stacks that most universities still don’t teach comprehensively.

Yet the most surprising result wasn’t about technical skills at all. It was the explosion of soft skill requirements. In 2019, only teamwork and communication appeared consistently in graduate job ads. By 2025, nearly 90–95% of postings explicitly demanded soft skills such as decision-making, problem-solving, teamwork, communication, interpersonal skills, and adaptability, often all in the same ad. Employers are not just looking for technical talent, they are looking for people who can apply that technical talent collaboratively and strategically in real-world settings.

This points to a deeper issue: a growing mismatch between what universities teach and what the industry expects. Many degrees still emphasise siloed assignments, outdated tools, and theoretical learning. Meanwhile, employers want graduates who can contribute to real codebases, work in teams, use cloud platforms, deploy models, and communicate technical ideas to diverse stakeholders. No wonder graduates are struggling; the market has moved faster than the curriculum.

So, what does this mean for students entering the tech field? The new IT graduate is expected to have both technical depth (domain-aligned tools and frameworks) and applied soft skills (evidenced through projects, teamwork, internships, or real-world experience). Generic claims about being “a good communicator” no longer cut it; employers want demonstrations, not declarations.

For universities, the message is even clearer: without curriculum renewal and stronger industry integration, the next generation of graduates risks being left behind.

The future of work in tech is already here-specialised, collaborative, and unapologetically fast-moving. And based on the data, tomorrow’s graduates will need to be better prepared than ever.

GUOYANG (GARY) ZHENG

An Introduction to Vietnam

C.Tingson

One of the oldest country in South East Asia and has an interesting culture is the country of Vietnam. Truly riched with ancient culture which is still dominant in present times, Vietnam is a survivor from the historical events in their homeland. It begun from 1858 to 1884 when the French invaders came and conquered their country. In 1887, they became part of French Indochina. Although Vietnam successfully achieved their freedom in 1973 involving the U.S. troupes, there were still struggles in their country which has something to do with economy and government. The country of Vietnam has come a long way as they continue to stand and improve their economy, government and other areas of their lifestyle. Just like other Asian countries, the culture of Vietnam was also influenced by other nations that totally marked the existence of their heritage. These countries are France and China that made a resemblance on Vietnam. Considering that Vietnam is a small country, their population of more than 93 million residents affect their country’s economic growth. In addition to this, different ethnic groups are still rampant in their country. There were also provinces and municipalities which are divided and these places include Hanoi, HaiPhong, Da Nang, Ho Chi Minh city and Can Tho. Vietnam is also an English speaking community which they considered as their second language right after Vietnamese as their official language. Aside from this, they also know how to speak some French, Chinese and Khmer. Different religious groups also exist namely Bhuddist, Catholic, HoaHao, Cao Dai, Protestant and Muslim.

The simple living in Vietnam is one great advantage of their country that attract the foreigners. Their low cost of living is also a benefit for those foreigners who decide to live and work in Vietnam. Another reason why foreigners stayed long in their country is their fine weather condition which is likely made them comfortable. Vietnamese also continue to practice their cultural heritage that has made known to other countries. Vietnam is also very consistent in the development of their infrastructures that creates tourist attraction in their country. Knowing that Vietnam is a safe place to consider, the residents still have concerns regarding their air and water pollution. The heavy traffic is expected in urban areas and safety measures has to be applied especially the air pollution.Vietnamese, like other Asians are nice people and their country still have a growing economy and opportunities still awaits when you you decide to live and work in their country.

REFERENCES:

“The World Factbook.”Central Intelligence Agency.Central Intelligence Agency, n.d. Web. 27 May 2015.

“Expat’s Manual.” Living in Vietnam : A Guide to Moving to Vietnam as an Expat : Expat Info Desk. ExpatInfoDesk International Limited, n.d. Web. 27 May 2015.

“Living in Vietnam.”Living in Vietnam.N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2015.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pregnancy among adolescents has become a major problem in today’s society and most of these pregnancies come as a shock to these young girls who don’t think about the consequences when they indulge in intercourse. When girls who haven’t reached adulthood and those between the age group of 13-19 become pregnant, it can be termed as teen pregnancy. The number of girls who become pregnant between the ages of 10-19 varies from country to country but either way these pregnancies are not safe or they put both the mother and child at risk. It also has long term implications on them as a person and in the society. Most of the times unwanted pregnancies happen because of coerced sex bringing in a lot of turmoil into the life of the girl.

A positive home pregnancy test after a skipped period confirms the pregnancy and if the doctor also confirms it after a check-up, then it is time for the girl and family to think how to deal with the situation; whether they should abort the child or give birth and raise the baby or give birth and give the baby for adoption. All these are agonizing and harrowing experiences for the girl and her family and to add up to these teen pregnancies carry health risks too. The best way to solve this is to tell the young girls how to protect themselves during sex and prevent these unwanted pregnancies and complications that arise from them.

The best way to avoid pregnancy is to abstain from sex till marriage. In case they decide to have sex, it’s best to be informed on how to avoid unwanted pregnancy. Learn to say NO to boyfriends when it comes to having any type of physical contact, have sex, or have sex without protection.  Know what will result in pregnancy and learn to use the different types of birth control and use them. It is always to visit a doctor and find out in detail because many types of contraception don’t work consistently. Be aware of the consequences and learn to indulge in safe sex and make it an enjoyable experience rather than making grave mistakes and regretting it for the rest of your lives.

Timothy Bausa

Perovskite solar cell in China
Introducing solar cell
Solar cell is a device that can directly converts solar energy into electrical energy. A basic structure for a solar cell can be demonstrated in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Schematic drawing of a silicon solar cell.
Usually, the n-type is made the emitter layer receiving sunlight. When the emitter layer absorbs enough solar energy greater than the bandgap energy, some of the electrons in the valence band will jump to the conduction band and leave a hole behind, creating an electron-hole pair. When the pair gets close to the depletion region, the hole will get swept across the junction by the electric field while the electron will be pushed away and travel to the load through the metal contact (Figure 2). This process is called collection. The two carriers will meet and recombine at the rear contact, after which the circuit has been completed.

Figure 2. Movement of charge carriers inside a solar cell
However, the electron-hole pair can only exist for a length of time equal to the minority carrier lifetime before they recombine. The distance that the pair can travel during its life time is the diffusion length. If the pair is generated somewhere not close to the depletion region (distance to interface > diffusion length), the electron and the hole will recombine and thus provide no contribution to current generation. Therefore, lowering the chances for recombination can effectively improve the efficiency.
Perovskite Solar cell
Perovskite solar cell uses Perovskite as the light absorbing material. It has ABX3 crystal structure. Because perovskite has relatively lower recombination rate and higher carrier mobility, its carrier diffusion length and carrier lifetime is thus longer, improving the solar cell efficiency. A complete perovskite solar cell should also have HTL (hole transport layer) and ETL (electron transport layer) to facilitate the movement of carriers.
Perovskite, as a synthetic material, has made a big splash since 2009 when it was first tried to be used in photovoltaic power generation because of its excellent performance, low cost and great commercial value. In recent years, the world’s top research institutions and large multinational companies, such as Oxford University, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Japan’s Panasonic, Sharp, Toshiba, etc., have invested a lot of manpower and resources to strive for early mass production.
In February 2017, Fibrina Optronics broke the world efficiency record of calcium-titanium ore panel with a conversion efficiency of 15.2% for the first time, which was previously held by Japan for a long time. After that, in May and December of that year, they broke the world record three times a year with 16% and 17.4% conversion efficiency respectively. This time, they increased the conversion efficiency of the perovskite module to 17.9%, with a steady-state output efficiency of 17.3%. The results once again demonstrate the technological leadership of Chinese scientists in the field of chalcogenide.

Rongke Xu